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''Ancient Judaism'' ((ドイツ語:Das antike Judentum)), is a book written by Max Weber, a German economist and sociologist, in early the 20th century. The original edition was in German - the essays on Ancient Judaism appeared originally in the 1917–1919 issues of the ''Archiv fur Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialforschung''. Marianne Weber, his wife, published the essays as Part Three of his ''Gesammelte Aufsatze zur Religionssoziologie in 1920–1921. An English translation was made in 1952 and several editions were released since then. It was his fourth and last major work on the sociology of religion, after ''The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism'', ''The Religion of China: Confucianism and Taoism'' and ''The Religion of India: The Sociology of Hinduism and Buddhism''. In this work he attempts to explain the factors that were responsible for the early differences between Oriental and Occidental religiosity.〔Reinhard Bendix, ''Max Weber: an intellectual portrait'', University of California Press, 1977, p.200〕 It is especially visible when the asceticism developed by Western Christianity is contrasted to mystical contemplation developed in India.〔 Weber's premature death in 1920 prevented him from following Ancient Judaism with his planned analysis of Psalms, Book of Job, Talmudic Jewry, early Christianity and Islam. Weber wrote that Weber notes that Judaism not only fathered Christianity and Islam, but was crucial to the rise of modern Occident state, as its influence were as important to those of Hellenistic and Roman cultures. ==Types of asceticism and the significance of ancient Judaism== Weber noted that some aspects of Christianity sought to conquer and change the world, instead of withdrawing from its imperfections. This fundamental distinctiveness of Christianity (when compared to Far East religions) stems originally from the ancient Jewish prophecy. Weber stated his reasons for investigating ancient Judaism: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ancient Judaism (book)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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